File permission demonstration script

#!/bin/bash
fmt="%7s%7s%7s%15s%15s\n"
printf $fmt umask file dirs files dirs
while read line
do 
  set -- $line
  umask $1
  touch tempfile
  mkdir tempdir
  fval=`ls -l tempfile|awk '{print $1}'`
  dval=`ls -dl tempdir|awk '{print $1}'`
  printf $fmt $1 "$(( 777 - $1 ))" "$(( 666 - $1 ))" $fval $dval
  rm -rf temp*
done << EOF
022
027
002
006
007
077
EOF

will produce the following output:

  umask   file   dirs          files           dirs
    022    759    648     drwxr-xr-x     -rw-r--r--
    027    754    643     drwxr-x---     -rw-r-----
    002    775    664     drwxrwxr-x     -rw-rw-r--
    006    771    660     drwxrwx--x     -rw-rw----
    007    770    659     drwxrwx---     -rw-rw----
    077    714    603     drwx------     -rw-------